M Ozge Tepe
Statement of the Problem: In treatment-resistant epilepsy, different etiologies, histomorphological and immunohistochemical features, and diseases are included. Hippocampal sclerosis and focal cortical dysplasia are the most common histopathological diagnosis while tumor, vascular malformation, encephalitis, and glial scar are featured in decreasing frequency. Hippocampal sclerosis and focal cortical dysplasia are histopathologically classified according to the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) classifications. Molecular genetic studies in recent years have been effective in determining targeted therapies in patients who do not respond to antiepileptic drugs. mTOR pathway and immune system activation have been shown to play a role in epileptogenesis. To determine the incidence of different etiologies in the treatment-resistant epilepsy patients and find out histomorphological and immunohistochemical features and to demonstrate the relation between the ILAE subtypes and the clinical features and try to predict the prognosis of the patients were main purposes in a neuropathological examination of our surgically resected treatment-resistant epilepsy cases.