Shinjini Mitra, Kaustab Mukherjee, Silpak Biswas and Ena Ray Banerjee
Infectious or non-infectious peritonitis leads to systemic inflammation due to violation of the peritoneum which is often fatal. Fisetin, a flavonol compound, exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and neuro-protective effects. It was used in a murine model of thioglycollate (TG)- induced aseptic peritonitis to investigate its anti- inflammatory effects, and on RAW macrophage cells. In this study, peritonitis was induced in C57BL/6J mice using thioglycollate, and anti-inflammatory effects of fisetin, was assessed prophylactically. In in vitro study, cells treated with inflammatory agents like bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) lose their viability and proliferative capacity. Fisetin has been shown to prevent the loss of viability when given prophylactically. In in vivo model, total cell recruitment was found to increase with TG, showing that it has induced inflammation. Interestingly cell recruitment was successfully inhibited by fisetin. The differential count of peripheral blood, treated only with TG, shows an increase in the polymorpho-nuclear (PMN) cell count, as compared to control. On treatment with Fisetin, PMN number decreases. Concentration of nitric oxide (NO) in intestine has increased 1.90 fold after 3 hours (p<0.05) and 1.24 fold after 24 hours (p<0.05), after treatment with TG as compared to control. NO concentration has decreased 1.28 fold after 3 hours (p<0.05) and 2.15 fold after 24 hours (p<0.05) with fisetin treatment, compared to only TG. Concentration of ascorbic acid in peritoneal fluid has increased 1.06 fold after 3 hours, 1.02 fold after 9 hours and 1.05 fold after 24 hours, on treatment with only TG, as compared to control. The ascorbic acid (ASA) concentration increases significantly (p<0.05) after treatment with fisetin, compared to only TG, after 3 hours (1.38 fold), 9 hours (1.44 fold) and 24 hours (2.19 fold). In conclusion, we found that fisetin had a positive prophylactic effect against peritonitis in mice.